Rio Grande do Norte

Rio Grande do Norte is a state at the northeastern tip of Brazil, where the coastline turns from facing east to facing north, famed for its dunes, beaches and strong sun. Its capital is Natal. Known for buggy rides over giant dunes and as a launch site for Brazil's space program, it is a sunny coastal destination.

The state has an extensive coastline of beaches, cliffs and shifting dunes, including the huge dunes of Genipabu, backed by a semi-arid interior. It contains the easternmost bulge of South America. The climate is hot, with abundant sunshine.

Its culture is rooted in northeastern traditions of forro, folk festivals and coastal living, with tourism centered on the dunes and beaches around Natal. Salt production and shrimp farming are notable local industries.

Home to early Portuguese and Dutch coastal settlements, the region developed through salt, cattle and cotton. During the Second World War, Natal hosted a major Allied air base, earning it strategic importance.